The Bre Pettis Collection of Computer Art
Research

Bre Pettis Computer Art Library

A reference shelf for researchers, curators, and the curious — records, books, scanned books, articles, and magazine issues that document the people and ideas behind the works in the collection. Most paper entries link to a downloadable PDF. References are organized by the artist they discuss; a piece that touches more than one artist appears in each section.

The library opens with the record shelf: computer and electronic music was pressed to disc as much as it was printed, from the Illiac Suite and the Bell Labs demonstration records to the ICA's Cybernetic Serendipity LP. Each record links to its catalog entry, and from there to its Discogs release — where there is often audio to listen to.

Books bought whenever possible with the hope of scanning them someday. Internet bitrot is real — PDFs have been collected while doing research on the artists as a way to maintain this information for research and future generations.

0 on the shelf · 467 digital references across 54 artists

Read Notes → — writing and project notes.

Unattributed

Oscillons: Electronic Abstractions
Laposky, Ben · 1953
Article
Programme entwerfen (Designing Programmes)
Gerstner, K. · 1963
Article
Artistic Design by Computer
Mezei, Leslie · 1964
Article
A Book About Love & War & Death, Canto One
Dick Higgins · 1965
Article
Projekte generativer Ästhetik
Bense, Max · 1965
Article
The Portrait of Machine as a Young Artist
J. R. Pierce · 1965
Article
Chance-Imagery
George Brecht · 1966
Article
How To Make a Happening
Allan Kaprow · 1966
Article
the last french-fried potato and other poems
Emmett Williams · 1967
Article
Componeren met de computer
Meertens, Lambert · 1968
Article
Introductory speech at the conference Computers and Visual Research, Zagreb, 1968
Abraham A. Moles · 1968
Article
Mogučnosti kompjutera u vizuelnim istraživanjima
Bonačić, V. · 1968
Article
Quartet No. 1 in C Major for 2 Violins, Viola and Violoncello
Meertens, Lambert · 1968
Article
Systems Esthetics
Burnham, Jack · 1968
Article
Zašto izlazi 'Bit'
Bašičević, D., Picelj, I. · 1968
Article
Componist en computer
Andriessen, Louis, Leo Geurts and Lambert Meertens · 1969
Article
HPSCHD for Harpsichords and Computer-generated Sound Tapes (liner notes to LP record)
John Cage and Lejaren Hiller · 1969
Article
Notes on the crisis in technological art
Metzger, Gustav · 1969
Article
The imitation of musical styles by a computer
Meertens, Lambert · 1969
Article
Computers for the Arts
Higgins, Richard C. · 1970
Article
Eight Annual Computer Art Contest
Anonymous · 1970
Article
PAGE no. 9 (Computer Arts Society bulletin)
Geurts, Leo and Lambert Meertens (eds.) · 1970
Article
Postage Stamps Designed by Computer in the Netherlands
Albarda, Eric · 1970
Article
Statement
F. Nake · 1970
Article
The Aesthetics of Intelligent Systems
Burnham, Jack · 1970
Article
A Comment, a Case History and a Plan
Pask, Gordon · 1971
Article
Computer Graphics: Une esthétique programmée
Manfred Mohr · 1971
Article
Designing letter-like shapes
Meertens, Lambert · 1971
Article
Edward Ihnatowicz's Senster
Benthall, Jonathan · 1971
Article
PAGE no. 17 (Computer Arts Society bulletin)
Geurts, Leo and Lambert Meertens (eds.) · 1971
Article
The Projects of Generative Aesthetics
Bense, M. · 1971
Article
The Projects of Generative Aesthetics (projekte generativer aesthetik)
Max Bense · 1971
Article
Kristalstrukturen van Leo Geurts en Lambert Meertens
Geurts, Leo and Lambert Meertens · 1972
Article
Zastosowania komputerów w sztuce [The Use of Computers in Art]
Zieliński, Gerard · 1972
Article
Art and Technology
Jack Burnham · 1973
Article
Art and the Future (Art)
Davis, Douglas · 1973
Article
Parallel to Perception
Harold Cohen · 1973
Article
On Purpose
Harold Cohen · 1974
Article
Not quite Computing – almost Art
Lansdown, John · 1975
Article
Computer Art System ART-3
Sasaki MK, Sasaki T · 1976
Article
Description du programme 'Molnart' (1974-1976)
Vera Molnar · 1976
Article
Responsive Environments
Krueger, Myron W. · 1977
Article
Not only Computing – but also Art
Lansdown, John · 1980
Article
Un moment éphémère de certitude
Vera Molnar · 1980
Article
Art and Technology: Bridging the Gap in the Computer Age
Cynthia Goodman · 1982
Article
Proceedings of Exhibition of Computer Graphics, SIGGRAPH '83
1983
Article
The Basic Concepts of Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics for Artists
Judy E. Sachter · 1984
Article
AARON, the Universal Machine
Pamela McCorduck · 1985
Article
The New Visual Age: The Influence of Computer Graphics on Art and Society
Herbert W. Franke · 1985
Article
VIDEOPLACE. A Report from the ARTIFICIAL REALITY Laboratory
Krueger, Myron W. · 1985
Article
Artă și știință
Solomon Marcus · 1986
Article
Kunst vom Bildschirm / Art from the Screen
Franke, Herbert Werner · 1986
Article
The Aesthetic Challenge of the Impossible
Mihai Nadin · 1986
Article
The First Decade of Computer Art (1965-1975)
Dietrich, Frank · 1986
Article
Visual intelligence: the first decade of computer art (1965-1975)
Dietrich, F. · 1986
Article
Blucher Design Proceedings Dezembro de 2014, Volume 1, Número 7
Viviane  Alencar · 1987
Article
Science and Meanings in Art
Pamela McCorduck · 1987
Article
Art & computers
Briscoe, C., Howard, G., Sekers, A. & Viner, D. · 1988
Article
How to Draw Three People in a Botanical Garden
Harold Cohen · 1988
Article
Léonard de Vinci s'il Eût Eu Un Ordinateur
Vera Molnar · 1989
Article
Results of the Art in the City Project; Art in the City and Telecommunications
Anneliese Sessa · 1990
Article
Artificial Evolution for Computer Graphics
Sims, Karl · 1991
Article
Emergent Constructions: Re-embodied Intelligence within Recombinant Poetic Networks
B. Seaman · 1991
Article
The Emperor's New Art?
D. Maxwell · 1991
Article
From Computer Art to Ambient Displays
G. Hutzler, B. Gortais · 1993
Article
Genetische Bilder / Genetic Images
Sims, Karl · 1993
Article
Interaktive Evolution / Interactive Evolution
Sims, Karl · 1993
Article
Computers Educ. Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 197-209, 1994 Pergamon Copyright © 1994 Elsevier Science Ltd 0360-1315(94)00038-7 Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved
CHILDREN'S RESPONSES, JANE CHIA, BIRNIE DUTHIE, Bukit Timah Road · 1994
Article
The Origins of Computer Graphics in the Czech and Slovak Republics
Šperka, Martin · 1994
Article
Towards Automated Artificial Evolution for Computer-Generated Images
Shumeet Baluja, Dean Pomerleau, Todd Jochem · 1994
Article
From A to D and back again: the emerging aesthetics of interactive art
Penny, S. · 1996
Article
The Hacker Demo Scene and its Cultural Artefacts
George Borzyskowski · 1996
Article
The House That Jack Built: Jack Burnham's Concept of "Software" as a Metaphor for Art
Edward A. Shanken · 1998
Article
Gemini Rising, Moon in Apollo: Attitudes on the Relationship between Art and Technology in the U.S., 1966-71
Edward A. Shanken · 1999
Article
Los Orígenes del arte Cibernético en España (Doctoral Dissertation)
Castaños Alés, Enrique · 2000
Article
Algorithmische Zeichen
Nake, Frieder · 2001
Article
Art, Emergence and the Computational Sublime
McCormack, Jon / Dorin, Alan · 2001
Article
BitStreams
Whitney Museum of American Art · 2001
Article
Software Art
Cramer, Florian; Gabriel, Ulrike · 2001
Article
The Digital Clockwork Muse: A Computational Model of Aesthetic Evolution
Saunders, Rob, and John S. Gero · 2001
Article
15 seconds of fame - an interactive, computer-vision based art installation
Solina, F., Peer, P., Batagelj, B., Juvan, S. · 2002
Article
All the Truth about NEvAr
Machado, Penousal, and Amilcar Cardoso · 2002
Article
Color Dependent Computational Aesthetics for Evolving Expressions
Greenfield, Gary · 2002
Article
Guest Editors’ Introduction
Computer Graphics, Alan Chalmers · 2002
Article
The Dilemma of Media Art: Cybernetic Serendipity at the ICA London
Usselmann, Rainer · 2003
Article
The Mapping of Space: Perspective, Radar, and 3-D Computer Graphics
Manovich, Lev · 2003
Article
The Variable Media Approach: Permanence Through Change
Depocas, A., J. Ippolito, and C. Jones, eds. · 2003
Article
Von kunstlicher und digitaler Poesie. Formen computergenerierter Poesie seit den 1960er Jahren
Sturner, Miriam · 2003
Article
What is Generative Art? Complexity Theory as a Context for Art Theory
Galanter, Philip · 2003
Article
Final Report, Erl-King Project
Dimitrovsky, I. · 2004
Article
Code as performative speech act
Arns, Inke · 2005
Article
Playable Media and Textual Instruments
Wardrip-Fruin, Noah · 2005
Article
An Artist's Journey in Art and Science: From behind the Iron Curtain to Present-Day America
Epuré, Sherban · 2006
Article
Bits in Motion. Early British Computer-Generated Art Film
Mason, Catherine · 2006
Article
Charles A. Csuri: Beyond Boundaries
ed. by J. Glowski · 2006
Article
Computerkunst(jes)
Kraak, Jaan · 2006
Article
Flexible Contexts, Democratic Filtering, & Computer-Aided Curating
Christiane Paul · 2006
Article
Generative Art and Rules-Based Art
Philip Galanter · 2006
Article
There Must Be an Angel. On the Beginnings of the Arithmetics of Rays
Link, David · 2006
Article
Dorée Duncan Seligmann Readers’ Remarks Avaya
Revisiting Computer Image · 2007
Article
Forty-five years later...
Cohen, H. · 2007
Article
Graphically Speaking Editor: Miguel Encarnação
Cultural Muse Merges · 2007
Article
Kunst als K hoch 8 Eine Korrektur
Weibel, P. · 2007
Article
Semiotic Engine
Mihai Nadin · 2007
Article
Fractal Flame Algorithm
Draves, Scott / Reckase, Erik · 2008
Article
Software engineering issues in interactive installation art
Trifonova, A., Jaccheri, L., Bergaust, K. · 2008
Article
Surface, interface, subface. Three cases of interaction and one concept. In Seifert, U., Kim, J.H., & Moore, A. (eds.). Paradoxes of Interactivity
Nake, F. · 2008
Article
An empirical exploration of a definition of creative novelty for generative art
Kowaliw, T., Dorin, A. & McCormack, J. · 2009
Article
Computer Models of Creativity
Boden, M. A. · 2009
Article
The Art of Self-Assembly: The Self-Assembly of Art
Harold Cohen · 2009
Article
What is generative art?
Margaret A. Boden and Ernest A. Edmonds · 2009
Article
21st Century Brazilian Computer (Experimental) Art
Tania Fraga, Maria Luiza Fragoso · 2010
Article
Driving the Creative Machine
Harold Cohen · 2010
Article
Driving the creative machine. Talk given at Orcas Center, Crossroads Lecture Series, Orcas, WA
Cohen, H. · 2010
Article
Paragraphs on Computer Art, Past and Present.
Nake, F. · 2010
Article
Shadowed by Images: Rafael Lozano-Hemmer and the Art of Surveillance
Kriss Ravetto-Biagioli · 2010
Article
The Arts in Psychotherapy 38 (2011) 17–28 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect The Arts in Psychotherapy A Computer Art Therapy System for Kinetic Family Drawing (CATS KFD)
Seong-in Kim, Jeonghee Han, Youn-Hee Kim, Youn-Joo Oh · 2010
Article
Exe.cut[up]able Statements. Poetische Kalküle und Phantasmen des selbstausführenden Texts
Cramer, Florian · 2011
Article
Feedback Environment: Rethinking Art and Design Practices in Tallinn During the Early 1970s
Andres Kurg · 2011
Article
Instantiating the creation process in digital art for serious games design
Marcos, A. & Zagalo, N. · 2011
Article
Virtualization as a Preservation Strategy for Computer-Based Art: A Study into the Installation I/Eye [1993] by Bill Spinhoven van Oosten
Holling, H. · 2011
Article
21st Century Brazilian (Experimental) Computer Art
Tania Fraga; Maria Luiza Fragoso · 2012
Article
Instanciando mecanismos de a/r/tografia no processo de criação em arte digital/computacional
Marcos, A.F. · 2012
Article
The Heart of the Machine / Das Herz der Maschine
Link, David · 2012
Article
An Early History of French Computer Graphics
Cécile Welker · 2013
Article
History of Computer Art
Dreher, Thomas · 2013
Article
Mind, machine, and creativity: An artist's perspective
Sundararajan, L. · 2013
Article
The American Algorist: Linear Sublime
Wands, B. & McNulty, B. · 2013
Article
The Art of Cybernetic Communism (in Christina Lodder, Maria Kokkori and Maria Mileeva, eds, Utopian Reality: Reconstructing Culture in Revolutionary Russia and Beyond)
David Crowley · 2013
Article
TR2003-466, June 2003, Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College
Digital Art Forensics · 2013
Article
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2014
Article
1 On Evolutionary Computer-Generated Art
2014
Article
Algorave: A Survey of the History, Aesthetics and Technology of Live Performance of Algorithmic Electronic Dance Music
Collins, Nick, and Alex McLean · 2014
Article
An Investigation of Computer Application to Painting in Nigeria
Duniya, Gambo G. and Gyegwe, A. Gabriel · 2014
Article
DIGITAL SELF: PRIMARY STUDENTS AND COMPUTER ART Australian Art Education, Vol. 34, Special Edition 1, 2011
COMPUTER ART, Jenny Evans · 2014
Article
HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
Telecommunications Software · 2014
Article
IBBK086-01 Visual Culture Demy 216 × 138 June 12, 2014 7:31
Computer Art, Cosmopolitan Imagination, Kathryn Brown · 2014
Article
Reassessment of Painting: Fine Art Painting and Experimental
Computer Animation · 2014
Article
Spaces of generativity. An introduction to the art of Wojciech Bruszewski
Kluszczyński, Ryszard · 2014
Article
Steve Gibson Associate Professor of Digital Media
Visual Arts · 2014
Article
The Electronic Media Review
Electronic Media Group, Volume Two · 2014
Article
The Engineering of Vision and the Aesthetics of Computer Art The Labor of Perception: Electronic Art In Post-Industrial Society
Lev Manovich · 2014
Article
The Simulation of Art in Computer Graphics ✂✁☎✄✝✆✟✞✡✠☞☛✍✌✏✎✑✆✓✒✔✠☞✆ ✕✗✖☞✖✔✘✙✘ ☛✛✚ ✖✔✜✑✢✤✣ ✎✦✥✧✞★✠✔✩ ✢ ✁ ✖✪✢ ✁ ✣ ✫ ✩✝✬ ✣ ✞ ✣ ✎ ✣ ✠ ✘☎✭✯✮✰✘✱✕✳✲ ✎ ✣ ✠☞✆✴✂✆✓✁ ✲✝✵ ✞ ✖ ✬
2014
Article
The Virtual Artaud Computer Virus As Per
2014
Article
This appears in the working notes of the Workshop on Use and Design
Dramatic Art, R. Michael Young, Intelligent Systems Program · 2014
Article
© Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/education-3-8-17 A Study on Individuals’ Art Preferences according to Their Personality Traits via Computer-Aided Web Site
Computer Teaching Education · 2015
Article
Computer art as a way of life!
2015
Article
Computer art as a way of life! Paz Sastre! Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Unidad Lerma!
2015
Article
Escultura Présence: um sistema tridimensional de interação sonoro-corporal
Quintas, R.; Marcos, A. & Tavares, M. · 2015
Article
Feature Reviews ‘Doing Unfathomable Things’: ComputerArt in Britain
2015
Article